Polyamory and sex addiction are two distinct concepts.

A pattern of sexual activity described as sex addiction—also referred to as compulsive sexual disorder or compulsive sexual behavior disorder—is defined by a fixation with sex, an inability to control one's urges, and a willingness to continue having sex despite the consequences. Multiple sexual partners, excessive masturbation, uncontrollable pornographic viewing, unsafe sexual conduct, and other activities can all be part of it. Despite the detrimental effects it has on their relationships, careers, and general well-being, people with sex addiction may feel a compulsive desire to engage in these behaviors.

On the other hand, polyamory is the practice of engaging in romantic or sexual connections with multiple people at once when all parties are aware of and agree to it. Multiple romantic or sexual relationships with many persons, as well as a single relationship with several people, are all possible in polyamorous partnerships. Based on the concept of consensual, moral non-monogamy, polyamory encourages open communication and transparency between all parties.

In essence, polyamory is the practice of engaging in consensual, non-monogamous romantic or sexual relationships with a number of people, whereas sex addiction is an illness defined by an inability to manage sexual behavior despite considerably negative consequences.